The Empirical Data Collection Process Essay - 1051 Words

Definitions The qualitative data collection process can be through group discussion, personal journals, follow-up in-depth interviews, and researcher field notes (Tuckett, 2004). The observation represents the most critical method where the observer (researcher) carefully observes the verbal and non-verbal expressions of the observed (participants) (Polkinghorne, 2005). The data analyzing solutions research is not as common as gathering qualitative data for evaluation purposes (Thomas, 2006). Collecting and thematically analyzing the data will help the qualitative researcher find and understand the truth about the meaningful aspects of the participants’ life experience (Tuckett, 2004). Sampling Schemes and Designs The term sampling is to be used with care, since sampling usually refers to the principles that are used to select the sources of data (e.g., participants, documents) Polkinghorne (2005). According to Tukett (2004), the research success of failure depends essentially on the sampling procedures. Onwuegbuzie Leech (2007) defined sampling schemes as the use of specific strategies to choose the appropriate participants, sites and situations within an overall sampling design that suggests the number of participants and sampling types. According to Polkinghorne (2005) purposeful sampling is the standard option allowing a small number of participants to release various perspectives. And in order for sampling to be considered purposeful, participants should beShow MoreRelatedEvidence Based Diagnostic Radiography : Theoretical Perspectives And The Research Process1017 Words   |  5 Pagesradiography: theoretical perspectives and the research process in two published journal articles To understand the evidence provided in evidence-based diagnostic radiography, one must first define the parameters in which the research took place. With regard to the articles being analysed, (Mackay et al. 2012 and Carlsson and Carlsson 2013) a discussion between the different theoretical perspectives and types of data acquired during the research process will be explored. Comparisons and differences willRead MoreIs Software Engineering A Multi Disciplinary Field?854 Words   |  4 Pagesqualitative methods more visible and further the understanding of qualitative research and its importance in the software engineering community. This paper presents several qualitative methods for data collection and analysis and describes them in terms of how they might be incorporated into empirical studies of software engineering, in particular how they might be combined with quantitative methods. 1. INTRODUCTION: Software engineering is a multi-disciplinary field, crossing many social andRead MoreQualitative Research and Data Analysis875 Words   |  4 Pages2.1.6 Data analysis In qualitative research, data analysis is a process of making meaning where the researcher has to actively create meaning out of the raw materials (Esterberg, Kristin G., 2002). The process of making meaning out of qualitative data is often iterative, meaning that there is a repetitive interplay between the collection and analysis of data (Bryman and Bell, 2007). Altogether 5 interviews were conducted with the tour operators in Denmark that are selling travel packages to NepalRead MoreThe Impact Of Auditing On The Achievement Of Corporate Goals Essay1013 Words   |  5 Pagessecondary data were collected for the study. 4.1 Research Approach: The main purpose of this thesis is to understand how auditing contributes to the achievement of corporate goals. To make this possible we must understand the influence of the audit. Data will be collected through qualitative approach using open ended question because this is a method that generates and analyzes descriptive data, such as the written or spoken words and individual s behavior observations. The empirical method is basedRead MoreWhat Makes A Research For Software Engineering?1241 Words   |  5 Pagesby research processes in other science and engineering disciplines which include research questions, results and validation. Highlighting related work, she mentions previous research efforts to characterize research in human-computer interaction process to research in engineering disciplines through pro-forma abstracts, but argues a broad view of research is more suited for software engineering. Shaw identifies three important characteristics in software engineering research, namely, research questionsRead MoreParadigm Shift Anthropology1474 Words   |  6 Pagesin the social sciences as well, some may say to an even greater extent, due to the nature of the inquiry itself, it is highly subjective. It is much easier to leave your personal mark on a theory within the social sciences due to interpretation of data, which as stated can be highly subjective. Thomas Kuhn first classified the comprehensive worldview as a paradigm. This personal mark, this new interpretation that one struggles hard to have published is not necessarily, as Kuhn would see it, sufficientRead MoreQuantitative and Qualitative methods878 Words   |  4 Pages â€Æ' Contents 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Research methodology 2 Data types 2.1 3 Measuring Data 2.2 3 Graphical Data 2.3 3 Empirical research methods 2.4 3 Quantitative Methods 3.0 3 Qualitative Methods 3.1 3 Bibliography 4 1.0 Introduction I have been asked to produce a report which critically evaluates a wide variation of methodologies and how they can be applied to a given scenario. In this report I am going to be analyzing the usefulness of the methods that I can apply to different situations IRead MoreWriting an extended essay in economics1469 Words   |  6 Pagessuccessful ones are nearly always based on a central question that the author attempts to answer. Investigating this question will lead you to review the research of others, to synthesize others work in new ways, and to conduct theoretical or empirical research on your own. In its most basic form, your essay should be an argument, using tools of research and reasoning appropriate to the field of economics, in response to the central question you have chosen to investigate. Producing a goodRead MoreMethods And Results Of Local Government s Performance Measurement Essay1273 Words   |  6 Pagesmethodology of the thesis. As mentioned, this thesis mainly uses qualitative data collected via literature and document review, and semi-structured interviews to answer the research questions. This is because the qualitative approach is more suitable to â€Å"provide a great deal of descriptive details†¦emphasizes on process†¦[and] is concerned with explanations† (Bryman, 2004, pp. 280-281), which is essential to examine the process and results of local government’s performance measurement. Focus and LocusRead MoreQualitative, Qualitative And Qualitative Research1272 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION There are many definitions which describe qualitative research. Qualitative inquiry is a systematic process of describing, analyzing and interpreting insights discovered in every day life. Similar to quantitative research, qualitative methods begin with [empirical] observation of a phenomenon and its characteristics. In qualitative studies, the logic of inference is one of directly observed comparison, resulting in new insights and reclassifications, rather than strict numerical comparison

Education Is Not Preparation For Life - 1354 Words

Education: The Key to Success â€Å"Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.† If one accepts the quote by John Dewey to be true, then depriving someone of their education is depriving them of their life. Throughout the centuries, human beings have sought educational freedom. The United States of America has become a symbol for all who seek life, or education rather. Millions of people come to the United States, from less privileged countries, each year in hopes for a better education that is coupled with a better life. Today, unfortunately, the U.S has lost its edge in the educational department. Many studies today show this failure, â€Å"the U.S. is the clear leader in total annual spending, but ranks 9th in Science performance and 10th in Math† (Staff). Furthermore, it seems that the U.S can’t even educate its own minority groups, which mainly includes African Americans. The educational gap in the U.S is of great concern, â€Å"the percentage of Blacks age 25 and o lder with a high school diploma or more was 72 percent in the 2000 census, compared to 85.5 percent for Whites† (â€Å"Blacks: Education Issues). Two major issues that are keeping African Americans from success are Special Education Programs and teacher tenures, these systems need to be replaced for African Americans to get a better education. Almost every elementary, middle and high school in the U.S has a program known as the Special Education Program. The aim of this program is to help students withShow MoreRelatedEducation Is Not Preparation For Life998 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Dewey once said, â€Å"Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself. He is conveying the idea that learning is an active process, that should occur to enhance one s living and understanding thereof. When one only views education as a temporary matter, that person misses the big picture and fails to grasp what life genuinely is. Paulo Freire believes in having the opportunity to discover for oneself all that the world has to offer, with the slight guidance from a teacher. HeRead MoreEducation Is Not Preparation For Life1350 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.† If one accepts the quote by John Dewey to be true, then depriving someone of their education is depriv ing them of their life. Throughout the centuries, human beings have sought educational freedom. The United States of America has become a symbol for all who seek life, or education rather. Millions of people come to the United States, from less privileged countries, each year in hopes for a better education that is coupled with aRead MoreEducation Is Not Preparation For Life1155 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Education is not preparation for life; Education is life for itself.† These are the words of John Dewey, which have led an everlasting impression on my mind. It relates to the idea of lifelong learning, and the knowledge that education is much more than what lies within the curriculum. Whenever I pause by to reflect on my ken of knowledge, I feel that how little I have learnt and that an enormous, unknown and fascinating wealth of knowledge lies before me, yet to be explored. Education is like anRead MoreEducation Is Not Preparation For Life980 Words   |  4 PagesDewey once said â€Å"Education is not preparation for life; Education is life itself. Meaning that learning is an active process that should occur to enhance one s living and understanding thereof. When one only views education as a temporary thing they miss the big picture , and fail to grasp the what life truly is. Paulo Freire believes in having the opportunity to discover for oneself all that the world has to offer with the slight guidance from a teacher. He also says that â€Å"Ed ucation must begin withRead More Education: Preparation for Life Essay714 Words   |  3 PagesEducation: Preparation for Life A common question that educators and parents alike ask is how and what to teach children. Before one decides this, however, I believe it is important to know what your goals and purposes are. It is important to know why the children are being educated. It is my firm belief that in a person’s educational experience, they should be prepared for more than just their career. One of school’s many functions is socialization. School isRead MoreA Pastor Of A Small Church1007 Words   |  5 Pagesabout. As I cover the different areas of preparation, keep in mind that these are just a few that must pastors follow. You will not get far if you are not filled with the Holy Spirit and seeking grace and mercy daily. A spiritual preparation is a must when pastoring. McCarty, D. (1997). Leading the small church, says â€Å"A call to preach is a call to prepare.† He also says â€Å"Spirituality is personal and not mechanical and rote exercise.† This spiritual preparation is an interaction with God and God aloneRead MoreEngaged Couples Should Be Required to Take Marriage Preparation Classes for One Full Year before Their Wedding1018 Words   |  5 Pagesto family life and the responsibility costs expensive enough. It may end in health loss, broken destiny, children without a father. This research is devoted to the importance of marriage preparation classes for one full year before wedding. Profession and marriage are often called the most important indicators of living conditions and well-being. But if you can master the profession for several years, preparing for the role of husband and wife over a short time is impossible. Preparation for marriageRead MoreAn Early Childhood Educator Can Reconstruct The Life Of A Child1708 Words   |  7 PagesThis can be true for those who desire and want to improve lives, but how does one transform the life of another individual? Does it begin by becoming a firefighter, a police officer, or a doctor? These are all excellent advances in improving lives, but this writer will discuss about how becoming an Early Childhood Educator can reconstruct the life of a child (Rawlings 127). Early Childhood Education is a profession that works with children from birth up to eight years of age (Garvis and PendergastRead MoreGoodwill Analysis Essay887 Words   |  4 PagesBackground Goodwill industry is a non-profit organization that provides training, employment assistance, and education to those experiencing difficulty entering the job market due to lack of education, proper training, or disabilities. A central agency coordinates the activities of over 200 independent regional branches. Most of Goodwill’s revenue is generated through the sale of donated items at its retail stores, which number over 2,000. These revenues are used to fund its employment andRead MoreGeography Teacher Education Problem Statement998 Words   |  4 Pages EDLF 7300: Preservice Geography Teacher Education Problem Statement Katie Loftin University of Virginia Over the last several decades, geographers and educators have worked diligently to improve geography education in the United States and their greatest success has been in establishing a firmer place for geography in K-12 curriculum (Edelson, Wertheim, Schell, The Leadership Team of the Road Map for Geography Education Project, 2013). While geography is not a high school graduation

Scanning the Business Environment Free Essays

The ability to think and plan for the future in a manner that is strategically advantageous for the firm requires many creative techniques. Even though some of these techniques may prove to have better and more obvious advantages, many strategists prefer to use all of them to gain different insights into the data presented to them. The variety of perspectives that these different techniques provide enables strategists to develop strategies that encompass a variety of problems and opportunities. We will write a custom essay sample on Scanning the Business Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now They can then foresee many contingencies or issues and make plans to take account of them in their plans for the future of the company. Some of the techniques used include extrapolation, brainstorming, Delphi Technique and scenario building. Brainstorming is the most widely used extrapolation technique due to its incredible array of advantages. Some it being that it enables constructive criticism on the spot for all ideas and those ideas that cannot ‘stand the heat’ buck out. It enables many heads to come and focus on one core issue and bring in their various expertises onto the table. Linneman Klein, December 1983). Delphi method is a different type of brainstorming where in different experts are presented with the same problem and asked to present their opinions, assumptions and solution based on their understanding of the problem at hand. Delphi Method is peculiar in the sense that the individuals do not meet face to face unlike in brainstorming sessions where in all members constructively criticize each problem and propose a final outcome via consensus. Morgan, Hunt, 2002) In Delphi method there is no face to face interaction at all and individuals are asked to report their findings to a coordinator who then compiles and resends the findings to the individual members who then submit recommendations till a final consensus is achieved. This method takes much more time to reach a consensus due to the fact that there is no face to face interaction and a coordinator has to be present to compile data. Its advantage on the other hand is that individuals are allowed to present their completely developed ideas without being interrupted and criticized (Linneman, Klein, December 1983). Prediction via extrapolation techniques involves having a set of variables, independent and dependent and then using them to logically calculate the unknown independent variable. Mathematical calculations can be easily used to solve typical ratio or linear problems but since all relationships are not linear or so easily defined it comes down to the interpreter’s capabilities to understand and rationalize a problem. One can either use mathematical representation to solve such problems or they can also be solved graphically which is why their solution and interpretation are very easy to get compared to other predictive techniques. Scenario building as a predictive technique also has its own advantages whereby individuals run marketing analyses of environmental contexts and this analysis leads to the determining of various marketing strategies for response, action or selection. The chosen strategies need to fit or be adaptive of the changing environments (Morgan, Hunt, 2002). References: Morgan, Hunt, Robert E, Shelby D. (2002). Determining marketing strategy: A cybernetic systems approach to scenario planning. Emerald, 36, Retrieved June, 23, 2009, from http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03090560210417264 Linneman, Klein, Robert E., Harold E. (December, 1983). Long Range Planning: The use of multiple scenarios by U.S. industrial companies. Science Direct, 16, Retrieved June, 23, 2009, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6V6K-45K4MP1X8_user=10_rdoc=1_fmt=_orig=search_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_searchStrId=937302876_rerunOrigin=google_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=f65f1a945e8f0c0751487b5d823e974e How to cite Scanning the Business Environment, Papers

Level of Competition Tends in Market †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Level of Competition Tends in Market. Answer: Introduction: The five forces model is a potent approach which can be used to analyse any given industry or a firm and based on the existing environmental factors, it can be used to outline the expected profitability of the underlying industry or firm. For the chosen industry, the five forces model framework can be applied in the manner highlighted below. The internal rivalry indicates the level of competition that tends to exist in a given market. In case of Australian textile industry, the internal rivalry is quite high which is primarily attributed to the attributes of Australian economy. Owing to the underlying geography and demographics, the market is quite fragmented with a plethora of smaller players which are serving specific geographies and niche segments. While at the national level, couple of players (David Jones Myers) may dominate but simultaneously there exists a host of smallEconomics clothing manufacturers that are serving dedicated niche clientele (IBISWorld, 2017). Further, a more intense rivalry is faced by the foreign firms especially based in countries in China and India which tend to bring in cheaper fabric and textiles and thus pose a significant challenge to the existing players. Owing to this cost pressure, the Australian textile and clothing industry has progressively declined over the last two decades. This is because the Australian textile or cloth manufacturers have a significantly higher labour costs as compared to their Asian counterparts and hence it is not feasible to manufacture the textiles in Australia. The big firms tend to import textiles from China only and focus at value addition activities in the form of designing and branding only (Nimbalker, Mawson and Harris, 2015). Thus, owing to the unique geography of Australia a host of players exist which tend to lead to high amount of competition. This has adverse impact on profitability of the industry as the requisite scale is not achieved and hence economies of scale are not reaped. In the absence of economies of scale, the overall cost remains high and the same tends to reflect in the lower profit margin considering the fragmented nature of the industry and low spending on clothes by Australians (IBISWorld, 2017). The suppliers in case of clothing and textile business tend to have a low bargaining power. This is on account of several reasons. The first reason contributing to the same is the existence of a number of suppliers resulting in high competition amongst the same. This has worsened in the last two decades as the foreign suppliers have also penetrated the Australian markets. These suppliers tend to deal with big wholesalers and national players and provide them with supplies imported from China. Also, it is imperative to note that the underlying raw material cost is not a very high or significant proportion of the overall selling price and hence cost considerations are not very critical (IBISWorld, 2017). Additionally, for the input supplies, there are wide range of substitutes available which further impacts their bargaining power adversely. The distribution network also has become more diversified with the advent of online shopping especially in urban centres. Hence, this further weak ens the role of suppliers. Besides, the switching costs for the manufacturers and retailers amongst the suppliers tend to be low only which further erodes the supplier power (Nimbalker, Mawson and Harris, 2015). It is apparent from the above discussion that the power of the suppliers does not adversely impact of profitability as they have low power owing to the high competition, presence of easily available substitutes and the low input cost for the goods. Further, it is essential that the core focus for the clothing is on branding and focusing on the niche segments which is essentially not done by the suppliers but rather the retailer. Hence, the supplier has limited power to pass on any price hikes to the various retailers or manufacturers (Nimbalker, Mawson and Harris, 2016). The profitability of the industry is influenced by the power possessed by the buyers or customers. The higher the power, the lower would be underlying profit margins (Modern, 2007). For the clothing industry, the power of the buyers is typically high which is apparent from the trend of decreasing expenditure on cloth over the last two decades. The clothing industry is highly fragmented with very few national players which ensure that buyers have many options. Fragmentation is also observed at a number of levels since there are retail clothing chains but also dedicated boutique shops which cater to the individual needs of the customers based in specific geographies. Hence, it is apparent that the customers tend to have a host of choices (IBISWorld, 2017). In the clothing industry, the key differentiator is not price but rather the Economics quality and brand. This is because the customers are not price sensitive and hence are willing to pay the premium in case their needs could be met. One of the reasons for the lesser price sensitivity may be on account of the lesser expenditure of cloth due to which the customers would not paying a premium for exclusive designs or premium quality. This presents ample opportunity for the clothing industry to earn a higher profit by ensuring that the products are catered to the target customers. The critical element is to keep up with the changing preferences which are typically less dynamic than Europe and hence not difficult for the sellers (Nimbalker, Mawson and Harris, 2016). Typically for an industry that offers products that can be easily substituted, the profit margins tend to be low as higher prices would push the consumers into evaluating the available alternatives. On the other hand, for an industry which offers products or services that cannot be easily substituted, the demand would be inelastic and hence profitability would be potentially higher (Modern, 2007). It is apparent that there are not many substitutes for the clothing industry and eventually the customers have to buy from the various options in terms of players or sellers. There are a plethora of complements available in the form of fashion industry and other services such as stylists which also tend to play a critical role in informing the customers about the ongoing trends especially in Europe (IBISWorld, 2017). This is imperative for the clothing industry as this tends to enhance the awareness of the consumers towards the value added aspect of clothing in the form of design, style, fabric quality along with exclusivity. Further, substitute is available in the form of channels since online shopping is becoming more prevalent but in terms of clothing as a product, there is not much availability of substitutes. As a result, the presence of complements along with absence of substitutes tend to contribute towards the enhanced profitability for the industry. Typically for industries where the threat of new entrants is higher, the profit margins tend to be lower. This is because as the profit margins of the industry remain high, more players would enter the market and increase both supply and competition, thus leading to lower profit margins. On the other hand, for industries where the threat of new entrants is low, the profit margins tend to be higher (Modern, 2007). Considering the dynamics of the given industry, it is apparent that the threat of new entrants is low. One of the key reasons responsible for the same is that the Australian clothing industry is not very price sensitive and hence superior customer understanding, established brand and distribution network so as to reach the customer is imperative. While it may be easier for a player to import clothes from China, it would be a time and resource consuming to establish a distribution network along with a brand. Further, considering the geographical distribution of customers, it would require significant upfront investment to cover a large geography. A new entrant would need to decide whether it wants to focus on a particular geography or have a wider reach. The presence of these factors ensures that there is limited entry of new players in this market. Also, considering the empirical evidence over the past two decades, it is apparent that consolidation is taking place in the industry esp ecially amongst the larger players as scale leads to lower costs. However, there is ample space for boutique players to exist provided they can cater to the needs of the consumers (IBISWorld, 2017). Conclusion On the basis of the above discussion involving the five forces, it is apparent that the profitability of the industry tends to be moderate to high. One of the reasons is the non-price sensitive nature of the buyers which ensures that a suitable premium would be paid for any product which meets the preferences of the customers. This ensures that the players do not have to compete on price and therefore could potentially have higher profitability margins. Aid in this regards is also provided by the limited power of suppliers and also higher entry barriers considering the focus on brand building and understanding of the preferences of the consumers. References IBISWorld (2017), Clothing Industry in Australia, [online] Available at https://www.ibisworld.com.au/industry-trends/market-research-reports/retail-trade/other-store-based-retailing/clothing-retailing.html [Accessed October 1, 2017] Modern, T. (2007), Principles of Strategic Management(3rd ed.), NY: Ashgate Publishing Nimbalker, G., Mawson, J. and Harris, C. (2015), 2015 Australian Fashion Report, [online] Available at https://www.abc.net.au/cm/lb/6398294/data/fashion-report-data.pdf [Accessed October 1, 2017] Nimbalker, G., Mawson, J. and Harris, C. (2016), 2016 Australian Fashion Report, [online] Available at https://baptistworldaid.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/2016-Australian-Fashion-Report.pdf [Accessed October 1, 2017]